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18 * This file defines the question usage class, and a few related classes.
21 * @subpackage questionengine
22 * @copyright 2009 The Open University
23 * @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
27 defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
31 * This class keeps track of a group of questions that are being attempted,
32 * and which state, and so on, each one is currently in.
34 * A quiz attempt or a lesson attempt could use an instance of this class to
35 * keep track of all the questions in the attempt and process student submissions.
36 * It is basically a collection of {@question_attempt} objects.
38 * The questions being attempted as part of this usage are identified by an integer
39 * that is passed into many of the methods as $slot. ($question->id is not
40 * used so that the same question can be used more than once in an attempt.)
42 * Normally, calling code should be able to do everything it needs to be calling
43 * methods of this class. You should not normally need to get individual
44 * {@question_attempt} objects and play around with their inner workind, in code
45 * that it outside the quetsion engine.
47 * Instances of this class correspond to rows in the question_usages table.
49 * @copyright 2009 The Open University
50 * @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
52 class question_usage_by_activity {
54 * @var integer|string the id for this usage. If this usage was loaded from
55 * the database, then this is the database id. Otherwise a unique random
61 * @var string name of an archetypal behaviour, that should be used
62 * by questions in this usage if possible.
64 protected $preferredbehaviour = null;
66 /** @var context the context this usage belongs to. */
69 /** @var string plugin name of the plugin this usage belongs to. */
70 protected $owningcomponent;
72 /** @var array {@link question_attempt}s that make up this usage. */
73 protected $questionattempts = array();
75 /** @var question_usage_observer that tracks changes to this usage. */
79 * Create a new instance. Normally, calling code should use
80 * {@link question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity()} or
81 * {@link question_engine::load_questions_usage_by_activity()} rather than
82 * calling this constructor directly.
84 * @param string $component the plugin creating this attempt. For example mod_quiz.
85 * @param object $context the context this usage belongs to.
87 public function __construct($component, $context) {
88 $this->owningcomponent = $component;
89 $this->context = $context;
90 $this->observer = new question_usage_null_observer();
94 * @param string $behaviour the name of an archetypal behaviour, that should
95 * be used by questions in this usage if possible.
97 public function set_preferred_behaviour($behaviour) {
98 $this->preferredbehaviour = $behaviour;
99 $this->observer->notify_modified();
102 /** @return string the name of the preferred behaviour. */
103 public function get_preferred_behaviour() {
104 return $this->preferredbehaviour;
107 /** @return context the context this usage belongs to. */
108 public function get_owning_context() {
109 return $this->context;
112 /** @return string the name of the plugin that owns this attempt. */
113 public function get_owning_component() {
114 return $this->owningcomponent;
117 /** @return int|string If this usage came from the database, then the id
118 * from the question_usages table is returned. Otherwise a random string is
120 public function get_id() {
121 if (is_null($this->id)) {
122 $this->id = random_string(10);
128 * For internal use only. Used by {@link question_engine_data_mapper} to set
129 * the id when a usage is saved to the database.
130 * @param int $id the newly determined id for this usage.
132 public function set_id_from_database($id) {
134 foreach ($this->questionattempts as $qa) {
135 $qa->set_usage_id($id);
139 /** @return question_usage_observer that is tracking changes made to this usage. */
140 public function get_observer() {
141 return $this->observer;
145 * You should almost certainly not call this method from your code. It is for
147 * @param question_usage_observer that should be used to tracking changes made to this usage.
149 public function set_observer($observer) {
150 $this->observer = $observer;
151 foreach ($this->questionattempts as $qa) {
152 $qa->set_observer($observer);
157 * Add another question to this usage.
159 * The added question is not started until you call {@link start_question()}
162 * @param question_definition $question the question to add.
163 * @param number $maxmark the maximum this question will be marked out of in
164 * this attempt (optional). If not given, $question->defaultmark is used.
165 * @return int the number used to identify this question within this usage.
167 public function add_question(question_definition $question, $maxmark = null) {
168 $qa = new question_attempt($question, $this->get_id(), $this->observer, $maxmark);
169 $qa->set_slot($this->next_slot_number());
170 $this->questionattempts[$this->next_slot_number()] = $qa;
171 $this->observer->notify_attempt_added($qa);
172 return $qa->get_slot();
176 * The slot number that will be allotted to the next question added.
178 public function next_slot_number() {
179 return count($this->questionattempts) + 1;
183 * Get the question_definition for a question in this attempt.
184 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
185 * @return question_definition the requested question object.
187 public function get_question($slot) {
188 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_question();
191 /** @return array all the identifying numbers of all the questions in this usage. */
192 public function get_slots() {
193 return array_keys($this->questionattempts);
196 /** @return int the identifying number of the first question that was added to this usage. */
197 public function get_first_question_number() {
198 reset($this->questionattempts);
199 return key($this->questionattempts);
202 /** @return int the number of questions that are currently in this usage. */
203 public function question_count() {
204 return count($this->questionattempts);
208 * Note the part of the {@link question_usage_by_activity} comment that explains
209 * that {@link question_attempt} objects should be considered part of the inner
210 * workings of the question engine, and should not, if possible, be accessed directly.
212 * @return question_attempt_iterator for iterating over all the questions being
213 * attempted. as part of this usage.
215 public function get_attempt_iterator() {
216 return new question_attempt_iterator($this);
220 * Check whether $number actually corresponds to a question attempt that is
221 * part of this usage. Throws an exception if not.
223 * @param int $slot a number allegedly identifying a question within this usage.
225 protected function check_slot($slot) {
226 if (!array_key_exists($slot, $this->questionattempts)) {
227 throw new coding_exception('There is no question_attempt number ' . $slot .
228 ' in this attempt.');
233 * Note the part of the {@link question_usage_by_activity} comment that explains
234 * that {@link question_attempt} objects should be considered part of the inner
235 * workings of the question engine, and should not, if possible, be accessed directly.
237 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
238 * @return question_attempt the corresponding {@link question_attempt} object.
240 public function get_question_attempt($slot) {
241 $this->check_slot($slot);
242 return $this->questionattempts[$slot];
246 * Get the current state of the attempt at a question.
247 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
248 * @return question_state.
250 public function get_question_state($slot) {
251 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_state();
255 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
256 * @param bool $showcorrectness Whether right/partial/wrong states should
258 * @return string A brief textual description of the current state.
260 public function get_question_state_string($slot, $showcorrectness) {
261 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_state_string($showcorrectness);
265 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
266 * @param bool $showcorrectness Whether right/partial/wrong states should
268 * @return string a CSS class name for the current state.
270 public function get_question_state_class($slot, $showcorrectness) {
271 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_state_class($showcorrectness);
275 * Get the time of the most recent action performed on a question.
276 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
277 * @return int timestamp.
279 public function get_question_action_time($slot) {
280 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_last_action_time();
284 * Get the current fraction awarded for the attempt at a question.
285 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
286 * @return number|null The current fraction for this question, or null if one has
287 * not been assigned yet.
289 public function get_question_fraction($slot) {
290 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_fraction();
294 * Get the current mark awarded for the attempt at a question.
295 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
296 * @return number|null The current mark for this question, or null if one has
297 * not been assigned yet.
299 public function get_question_mark($slot) {
300 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_mark();
304 * Get the maximum mark possible for the attempt at a question.
305 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
306 * @return number the available marks for this question.
308 public function get_question_max_mark($slot) {
309 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_max_mark();
313 * Get the current mark awarded for the attempt at a question.
314 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
315 * @return number|null The current mark for this question, or null if one has
316 * not been assigned yet.
318 public function get_total_mark() {
320 foreach ($this->questionattempts as $qa) {
321 if ($qa->get_max_mark() > 0 && $qa->get_state() == question_state::$needsgrading) {
324 $mark += $qa->get_mark();
330 * @return string a simple textual summary of the question that was asked.
332 public function get_question_summary($slot) {
333 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_question_summary();
337 * @return string a simple textual summary of response given.
339 public function get_response_summary($slot) {
340 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_response_summary();
344 * @return string a simple textual summary of the correct resonse.
346 public function get_right_answer_summary($slot) {
347 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_right_answer_summary();
351 * Get the {@link core_question_renderer}, in collaboration with appropriate
352 * {@link qbehaviour_renderer} and {@link qtype_renderer} subclasses, to generate the
353 * HTML to display this question.
354 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
355 * @param question_display_options $options controls how the question is rendered.
356 * @param string|null $number The question number to display. 'i' is a special
357 * value that gets displayed as Information. Null means no number is displayed.
358 * @return string HTML fragment representing the question.
360 public function render_question($slot, $options, $number = null) {
361 $options->context = $this->context;
362 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->render($options, $number);
366 * Generate any bits of HTML that needs to go in the <head> tag when this question
367 * is displayed in the body.
368 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
369 * @return string HTML fragment.
371 public function render_question_head_html($slot) {
372 //$options->context = $this->context;
373 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->render_head_html();
377 * Like {@link render_question()} but displays the question at the past step
378 * indicated by $seq, rather than showing the latest step.
380 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
381 * @param int $seq the seq number of the past state to display.
382 * @param question_display_options $options controls how the question is rendered.
383 * @param string|null $number The question number to display. 'i' is a special
384 * value that gets displayed as Information. Null means no number is displayed.
385 * @return string HTML fragment representing the question.
387 public function render_question_at_step($slot, $seq, $options, $number = null) {
388 $options->context = $this->context;
389 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->render_at_step(
390 $seq, $options, $number, $this->preferredbehaviour);
394 * Checks whether the users is allow to be served a particular file.
395 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
396 * @param question_display_options $options the options that control display of the question.
397 * @param string $component the name of the component we are serving files for.
398 * @param string $filearea the name of the file area.
399 * @param array $args the remaining bits of the file path.
400 * @param bool $forcedownload whether the user must be forced to download the file.
401 * @return bool true if the user can access this file.
403 public function check_file_access($slot, $options, $component, $filearea,
404 $args, $forcedownload) {
405 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->check_file_access(
406 $options, $component, $filearea, $args, $forcedownload);
410 * Replace a particular question_attempt with a different one.
412 * For internal use only. Used when reloading the state of a question from the
415 * @param array $records Raw records loaded from the database.
416 * @param int $questionattemptid The id of the question_attempt to extract.
417 * @return question_attempt The newly constructed question_attempt_step.
419 public function replace_loaded_question_attempt_info($slot, $qa) {
420 $this->check_slot($slot);
421 $this->questionattempts[$slot] = $qa;
425 * You should probably not use this method in code outside the question engine.
426 * The main reason for exposing it was for the benefit of unit tests.
427 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
428 * @return string return the prefix that is pre-pended to field names in the HTML
431 public function get_field_prefix($slot) {
432 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_field_prefix();
436 * Get the number of variants available for the question in this slot.
437 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
438 * @return int the number of variants available.
440 public function get_num_variants($slot) {
441 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_question()->get_num_variants();
445 * Get the variant of the question being used in a given slot.
446 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
447 * @return int the variant of this question that is being used.
449 public function get_variant($slot) {
450 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_variant();
454 * Start the attempt at a question that has been added to this usage.
455 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
456 * @param int $variant which variant of the question to use. Must be between
457 * 1 and ->get_num_variants($slot) inclusive. If not give, a variant is
460 public function start_question($slot, $variant = null) {
461 if (is_null($variant)) {
462 $variant = rand(1, $this->get_num_variants($slot));
465 $qa = $this->get_question_attempt($slot);
466 $qa->start($this->preferredbehaviour, $variant);
467 $this->observer->notify_attempt_modified($qa);
471 * Start the attempt at all questions that has been added to this usage.
472 * @param question_variant_selection_strategy how to pick which variant of each question to use.
473 * @param int $timestamp optional, the timstamp to record for this action. Defaults to now.
474 * @param int $userid optional, the user to attribute this action to. Defaults to the current user.
476 public function start_all_questions(question_variant_selection_strategy $variantstrategy = null,
477 $timestamp = null, $userid = null) {
478 if (is_null($variantstrategy)) {
479 $variantstrategy = new question_variant_random_strategy();
482 foreach ($this->questionattempts as $qa) {
483 $qa->start($this->preferredbehaviour, $qa->select_variant($variantstrategy));
484 $this->observer->notify_attempt_modified($qa);
489 * Start the attempt at a question, starting from the point where the previous
490 * question_attempt $oldqa had reached. This is used by the quiz 'Each attempt
491 * builds on last' mode.
492 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
493 * @param question_attempt $oldqa a previous attempt at this quetsion that
494 * defines the starting point.
496 public function start_question_based_on($slot, question_attempt $oldqa) {
497 $qa = $this->get_question_attempt($slot);
498 $qa->start_based_on($oldqa);
499 $this->observer->notify_attempt_modified($qa);
503 * Process all the question actions in the current request.
505 * If there is a parameter slots included in the post data, then only
506 * those question numbers will be processed, otherwise all questions in this
509 * This function also does {@link update_question_flags()}.
511 * @param int $timestamp optional, use this timestamp as 'now'.
512 * @param array $postdata optional, only intended for testing. Use this data
513 * instead of the data from $_POST.
515 public function process_all_actions($timestamp = null, $postdata = null) {
516 foreach ($this->get_slots_in_request($postdata) as $slot) {
517 if (!$this->validate_sequence_number($slot, $postdata)) {
520 $submitteddata = $this->extract_responses($slot, $postdata);
521 $this->process_action($slot, $submitteddata, $timestamp);
523 $this->update_question_flags($postdata);
527 * Process all the question autosave data in the current request.
529 * If there is a parameter slots included in the post data, then only
530 * those question numbers will be processed, otherwise all questions in this
533 * This function also does {@link update_question_flags()}.
535 * @param int $timestamp optional, use this timestamp as 'now'.
536 * @param array $postdata optional, only intended for testing. Use this data
537 * instead of the data from $_POST.
539 public function process_all_autosaves($timestamp = null, $postdata = null) {
540 foreach ($this->get_slots_in_request($postdata) as $slot) {
541 if (!$this->is_autosave_required($slot, $postdata)) {
544 $submitteddata = $this->extract_responses($slot, $postdata);
545 $this->process_autosave($slot, $submitteddata, $timestamp);
547 $this->update_question_flags($postdata);
551 * Get the list of slot numbers that should be processed as part of processing
552 * the current request.
553 * @param array $postdata optional, only intended for testing. Use this data
554 * instead of the data from $_POST.
555 * @return array of slot numbers.
557 protected function get_slots_in_request($postdata = null) {
558 // Note: we must not use "question_attempt::get_submitted_var()" because there is no attempt instance!!!
559 if (is_null($postdata)) {
560 $slots = optional_param('slots', null, PARAM_SEQUENCE);
561 } else if (array_key_exists('slots', $postdata)) {
562 $slots = clean_param($postdata['slots'], PARAM_SEQUENCE);
566 if (is_null($slots)) {
567 $slots = $this->get_slots();
568 } else if (!$slots) {
571 $slots = explode(',', $slots);
577 * Get the submitted data from the current request that belongs to this
578 * particular question.
580 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
581 * @param $postdata optional, only intended for testing. Use this data
582 * instead of the data from $_POST.
583 * @return array submitted data specific to this question.
585 public function extract_responses($slot, $postdata = null) {
586 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_submitted_data($postdata);
590 * Transform an array of response data for slots to an array of post data as you would get from quiz attempt form.
592 * @param $simulatedresponses array keys are slot nos => contains arrays representing student
593 * responses which will be passed to question_definition::prepare_simulated_post_data method
594 * and then have the appropriate prefix added.
595 * @return array simulated post data
597 public function prepare_simulated_post_data($simulatedresponses) {
598 $simulatedpostdata = array();
599 $simulatedpostdata['slots'] = implode(',', array_keys($simulatedresponses));
600 foreach ($simulatedresponses as $slot => $responsedata) {
601 $prefix = $this->get_field_prefix($slot);
602 $slotresponse = $this->get_question($slot)->prepare_simulated_post_data($responsedata);
603 $slotresponse[':sequencecheck'] = $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_sequence_check_count();
604 foreach ($slotresponse as $key => $value) {
605 $simulatedpostdata[$prefix.$key] = $value;
608 return $simulatedpostdata;
612 * Process a specific action on a specific question.
613 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
614 * @param $submitteddata the submitted data that constitutes the action.
616 public function process_action($slot, $submitteddata, $timestamp = null) {
617 $qa = $this->get_question_attempt($slot);
618 $qa->process_action($submitteddata, $timestamp);
619 $this->observer->notify_attempt_modified($qa);
623 * Process an autosave action on a specific question.
624 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
625 * @param $submitteddata the submitted data that constitutes the action.
627 public function process_autosave($slot, $submitteddata, $timestamp = null) {
628 $qa = $this->get_question_attempt($slot);
629 if ($qa->process_autosave($submitteddata, $timestamp)) {
630 $this->observer->notify_attempt_modified($qa);
635 * Check that the sequence number, that detects weird things like the student
636 * clicking back, is OK. If the sequence check variable is not present, returns
637 * false. If the check variable is present and correct, returns true. If the
638 * variable is present and wrong, throws an exception.
639 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
640 * @param array $submitteddata the submitted data that constitutes the action.
641 * @return bool true if the check variable is present and correct. False if it
642 * is missing. (Throws an exception if the check fails.)
644 public function validate_sequence_number($slot, $postdata = null) {
645 $qa = $this->get_question_attempt($slot);
646 $sequencecheck = $qa->get_submitted_var(
647 $qa->get_control_field_name('sequencecheck'), PARAM_INT, $postdata);
648 if (is_null($sequencecheck)) {
650 } else if ($sequencecheck != $qa->get_sequence_check_count()) {
651 throw new question_out_of_sequence_exception($this->id, $slot, $postdata);
658 * Check, based on the sequence number, whether this auto-save is still required.
659 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
660 * @param array $submitteddata the submitted data that constitutes the action.
661 * @return bool true if the check variable is present and correct, otherwise false.
663 public function is_autosave_required($slot, $postdata = null) {
664 $qa = $this->get_question_attempt($slot);
665 $sequencecheck = $qa->get_submitted_var(
666 $qa->get_control_field_name('sequencecheck'), PARAM_INT, $postdata);
667 if (is_null($sequencecheck)) {
669 } else if ($sequencecheck != $qa->get_sequence_check_count()) {
677 * Update the flagged state for all question_attempts in this usage, if their
678 * flagged state was changed in the request.
680 * @param $postdata optional, only intended for testing. Use this data
681 * instead of the data from $_POST.
683 public function update_question_flags($postdata = null) {
684 foreach ($this->questionattempts as $qa) {
685 $flagged = $qa->get_submitted_var(
686 $qa->get_flag_field_name(), PARAM_BOOL, $postdata);
687 if (!is_null($flagged) && $flagged != $qa->is_flagged()) {
688 $qa->set_flagged($flagged);
694 * Get the correct response to a particular question. Passing the results of
695 * this method to {@link process_action()} will probably result in full marks.
696 * If it is not possible to compute a correct response, this method should return null.
697 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
698 * @return array that constitutes a correct response to this question.
700 public function get_correct_response($slot) {
701 return $this->get_question_attempt($slot)->get_correct_response();
705 * Finish the active phase of an attempt at a question.
707 * This is an external act of finishing the attempt. Think, for example, of
708 * the 'Submit all and finish' button in the quiz. Some behaviours,
709 * (for example, immediatefeedback) give a way of finishing the active phase
710 * of a question attempt as part of a {@link process_action()} call.
712 * After the active phase is over, the only changes possible are things like
713 * manual grading, or changing the flag state.
715 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
717 public function finish_question($slot, $timestamp = null) {
718 $qa = $this->get_question_attempt($slot);
719 $qa->finish($timestamp);
720 $this->observer->notify_attempt_modified($qa);
724 * Finish the active phase of an attempt at a question. See {@link finish_question()}
725 * for a fuller description of what 'finish' means.
727 public function finish_all_questions($timestamp = null) {
728 foreach ($this->questionattempts as $qa) {
729 $qa->finish($timestamp);
730 $this->observer->notify_attempt_modified($qa);
735 * Perform a manual grading action on a question attempt.
736 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
737 * @param string $comment the comment being added to the question attempt.
738 * @param number $mark the mark that is being assigned. Can be null to just
740 * @param int $commentformat one of the FORMAT_... constants. The format of $comment.
742 public function manual_grade($slot, $comment, $mark, $commentformat = null) {
743 $qa = $this->get_question_attempt($slot);
744 $qa->manual_grade($comment, $mark, $commentformat);
745 $this->observer->notify_attempt_modified($qa);
749 * Regrade a question in this usage. This replays the sequence of submitted
750 * actions to recompute the outcomes.
751 * @param int $slot the number used to identify this question within this usage.
752 * @param bool $finished whether the question attempt should be forced to be finished
753 * after the regrade, or whether it may still be in progress (default false).
754 * @param number $newmaxmark (optional) if given, will change the max mark while regrading.
756 public function regrade_question($slot, $finished = false, $newmaxmark = null) {
757 $oldqa = $this->get_question_attempt($slot);
758 if (is_null($newmaxmark)) {
759 $newmaxmark = $oldqa->get_max_mark();
762 $newqa = new question_attempt($oldqa->get_question(), $oldqa->get_usage_id(),
763 $this->observer, $newmaxmark);
764 $newqa->set_database_id($oldqa->get_database_id());
765 $newqa->set_slot($oldqa->get_slot());
766 $newqa->regrade($oldqa, $finished);
768 $this->questionattempts[$slot] = $newqa;
769 $this->observer->notify_attempt_modified($newqa);
773 * Regrade all the questions in this usage (without changing their max mark).
774 * @param bool $finished whether each question should be forced to be finished
775 * after the regrade, or whether it may still be in progress (default false).
777 public function regrade_all_questions($finished = false) {
778 foreach ($this->questionattempts as $slot => $notused) {
779 $this->regrade_question($slot, $finished);
784 * Create a question_usage_by_activity from records loaded from the database.
786 * For internal use only.
788 * @param Iterator $records Raw records loaded from the database.
789 * @param int $questionattemptid The id of the question_attempt to extract.
790 * @return question_usage_by_activity The newly constructed usage.
792 public static function load_from_records($records, $qubaid) {
793 $record = $records->current();
794 while ($record->qubaid != $qubaid) {
796 if (!$records->valid()) {
797 throw new coding_exception("Question usage $qubaid not found in the database.");
799 $record = $records->current();
802 $quba = new question_usage_by_activity($record->component,
803 context::instance_by_id($record->contextid, IGNORE_MISSING));
804 $quba->set_id_from_database($record->qubaid);
805 $quba->set_preferred_behaviour($record->preferredbehaviour);
807 $quba->observer = new question_engine_unit_of_work($quba);
809 // If slot is null then the current pointer in $records will not be
810 // advanced in the while loop below, and we get stuck in an infinite loop,
811 // since this method is supposed to always consume at least one record.
812 // Therefore, in this case, advance the record here.
813 if (is_null($record->slot)) {
817 while ($record && $record->qubaid == $qubaid && !is_null($record->slot)) {
818 $quba->questionattempts[$record->slot] =
819 question_attempt::load_from_records($records,
820 $record->questionattemptid, $quba->observer,
821 $quba->get_preferred_behaviour());
822 if ($records->valid()) {
823 $record = $records->current();
835 * A class abstracting access to the
836 * {@link question_usage_by_activity::$questionattempts} array.
838 * This class snapshots the list of {@link question_attempts} to iterate over
839 * when it is created. If a question is added to the usage mid-iteration, it
842 * To create an instance of this class, use
843 * {@link question_usage_by_activity::get_attempt_iterator()}
845 * @copyright 2009 The Open University
846 * @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
848 class question_attempt_iterator implements Iterator, ArrayAccess {
849 /** @var question_usage_by_activity that we are iterating over. */
851 /** @var array of question numbers. */
855 * To create an instance of this class, use
856 * {@link question_usage_by_activity::get_attempt_iterator()}.
857 * @param $quba the usage to iterate over.
859 public function __construct(question_usage_by_activity $quba) {
861 $this->slots = $quba->get_slots();
865 /** @return question_attempt_step */
866 public function current() {
867 return $this->offsetGet(current($this->slots));
870 public function key() {
871 return current($this->slots);
873 public function next() {
876 public function rewind() {
880 public function valid() {
881 return current($this->slots) !== false;
885 public function offsetExists($slot) {
886 return in_array($slot, $this->slots);
888 /** @return question_attempt_step */
889 public function offsetGet($slot) {
890 return $this->quba->get_question_attempt($slot);
892 public function offsetSet($slot, $value) {
893 throw new coding_exception('You are only allowed read-only access to ' .
894 'question_attempt::states through a question_attempt_step_iterator. Cannot set.');
896 public function offsetUnset($slot) {
897 throw new coding_exception('You are only allowed read-only access to ' .
898 'question_attempt::states through a question_attempt_step_iterator. Cannot unset.');
904 * Interface for things that want to be notified of signficant changes to a
905 * {@link question_usage_by_activity}.
907 * A question behaviour controls the flow of actions a student can
908 * take as they work through a question, and later, as a teacher manually grades it.
910 * @copyright 2009 The Open University
911 * @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
913 interface question_usage_observer {
914 /** Called when a field of the question_usage_by_activity is changed. */
915 public function notify_modified();
918 * Called when the fields of a question attempt in this usage are modified.
919 * @param question_attempt $qa the newly added question attempt.
921 public function notify_attempt_modified(question_attempt $qa);
924 * Called when a new question attempt is added to this usage.
925 * @param question_attempt $qa the newly added question attempt.
927 public function notify_attempt_added(question_attempt $qa);
930 * Called when a new step is added to a question attempt in this usage.
931 * @param question_attempt_step $step the new step.
932 * @param question_attempt $qa the usage it is being added to.
933 * @param int $seq the sequence number of the new step.
935 public function notify_step_added(question_attempt_step $step, question_attempt $qa, $seq);
938 * Called when a new step is updated in a question attempt in this usage.
939 * @param question_attempt_step $step the step that was updated.
940 * @param question_attempt $qa the usage it is being added to.
941 * @param int $seq the sequence number of the new step.
943 public function notify_step_modified(question_attempt_step $step, question_attempt $qa, $seq);
946 * Called when a new step is updated in a question attempt in this usage.
947 * @param question_attempt_step $step the step to delete.
948 * @param question_attempt $qa the usage it is being added to.
950 public function notify_step_deleted(question_attempt_step $step, question_attempt $qa);
956 * Null implmentation of the {@link question_usage_watcher} interface.
959 * @copyright 2009 The Open University
960 * @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
962 class question_usage_null_observer implements question_usage_observer {
963 public function notify_modified() {
965 public function notify_attempt_modified(question_attempt $qa) {
967 public function notify_attempt_added(question_attempt $qa) {
969 public function notify_step_added(question_attempt_step $step, question_attempt $qa, $seq) {
971 public function notify_step_modified(question_attempt_step $step, question_attempt $qa, $seq) {
973 public function notify_step_deleted(question_attempt_step $step, question_attempt $qa) {